This course covers how governments can react to the opportunities and threats of new technologies. The course will start with a normative perspective on market regulation and the potential welfare effects of new technologies. The main question to be understood in this context is how governments and regulators can detect harmful behavior that is facilitated by new technologies and what they can (and should) do about it. The course will then critically examine several case studies of regulatory action, as well as cases where regulatory action was missing but could have been helpful.